• Square Angle Full Cone

A square full cone refers to a spray nozzle that produces a solid, square-shaped impact area, unlike traditional full cone nozzles that create a circular pattern. These specialized nozzles are designed for efficiently covering rectangular areas and offer uniform coverage due to their unique vane design.  Liquid enters the nozzle and passes through a strainer and a slotted core, where it begins to swirl. The swirling liquid then passes through a disc before exiting the orifice, creating a solid cone-shaped spray pattern. The design is such that this solid cone translates into a square or rectangular impact area on the target surface. 

• Wide Angle Full Cone

A wide-angle full cone nozzle creates a large, solid, cone-shaped spray with a round impact area, offering wide spray coverage for applications like fire protection, dust control, or washing. While a standard full cone has a 60-90° angle, a wide-angle version produces larger angles, from approximately 110° - 170°.

• Square Wide Angle Full Cone

A square wide angle full cone spray nozzle produces a cone-shaped spray pattern with a square-like impact area. These nozzles are designed to provide a wide, uniform spray distribution over a rectangular or square area.  These nozzles provides a larger spray angle compared to standard square spray nozzles, typically in the range of 112° to 120°. Some ranges have angles from 93° to 115°.   The unique vane or internal design provides superior control and ensures an even distribution of spray across the target area.

• Narrow Angle Full Cone Nozzle

A full cone narrow angle spray produces a solid, cone-shaped spray pattern with a round impact area and narrow spray angles of typically 15° or 30°, providing uniform, deep-penetrating coverage ideal for applications such as gas cooling, evaporate cooling, deep cleaning of ducts, steam de-super heating, and dust control.

FULL CONE NOZZLES

Spray and droplet formation:

The rotating liquid exits the orifice, and centrifugal forces cause it to spread into a conical sheet. This sheet then breaks up into droplets, which are uniformly distributed throughout the cone volume.

Performance metrics:

A full cone nozzle's performance is characterized by:

• Spray angle: The angle of the cone is primarily determined by the design of the swirl insert and the operating pressure.
• Flow rate: Flow rate is directly proportional to the square root of the pressure. Nozzle manufacturers provide performance curves that detail the expected flow rate at various pressures.
• Droplet size: Droplet size is influenced by pressure and nozzle design. Generally, higher pressures and specific internal designs can produce finer droplets.
• Distribution quality: Sophisticated nozzle designs are engineered to ensure uniform coverage and avoid a "hollow" center or concentrated edges.

Critical selection factors

• Application requirements: Understand if the goal is surface coverage, volume fill (e.g., in a scrubber), cooling, or impact. Each goal dictates different performance needs.
• Operating pressure and flow rate: The flow rate depends on the available pressure. The nozzle must be able to operate efficiently within the system's pressure range.
• Droplet size: Finer droplets provide more surface area and can cool gases more efficiently but are more susceptible to entrainment by airflow. Larger droplets provide higher impact but less coverage.
• Fluid properties: The viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid affect spray performance. For example, a high-viscosity fluid requires a different internal design to achieve the same spray pattern as water.
• Material compatibility: The nozzle material must be resistant to corrosion and wear from the sprayed fluid and the surrounding environment, especially in applications involving harsh chemicals or high temperatures. 

Full Cone nozzles come in several variations tailored for specific purposes:

• Standard Full Cone

• Square Angle Full Cone

A square full cone refers to a spray nozzle that produces a solid, square-shaped impact area, unlike traditional full cone nozzles that create a circular pattern. These specialized nozzles are designed for efficiently covering rectangular areas and offer uniform coverage due to their unique vane design.  Liquid enters the nozzle and passes through a strainer and a slotted core, where it begins to swirl. The swirling liquid then passes through a disc before exiting the orifice, creating a solid cone-shaped spray pattern. The design is such that this solid cone translates into a square or rectangular impact area on the target surface. 

• Wide Angle Full Cone

A wide-angle full cone nozzle creates a large, solid, cone-shaped spray with a round impact area, offering wide spray coverage for applications like fire protection, dust control, or washing. While a standard full cone has a 60-90° angle, a wide-angle version produces larger angles, from approximately 110° - 170°.

• Square Wide Angle Full Cone

A square wide angle full cone spray nozzle produces a cone-shaped spray pattern with a square-like impact area. These nozzles are designed to provide a wide, uniform spray distribution over a rectangular or square area.  These nozzles provides a larger spray angle compared to standard square spray nozzles, typically in the range of 112° to 120°. Some ranges have angles from 93° to 115°.   The unique vane or internal design provides superior control and ensures an even distribution of spray across the target area.

• Narrow Angle Full Cone Nozzle

A full cone narrow angle spray produces a solid, cone-shaped spray pattern with a round impact area and narrow spray angles of typically 15° or 30°, providing uniform, deep-penetrating coverage ideal for applications such as gas cooling, evaporate cooling, deep cleaning of ducts, steam de-super heating, and dust control.